CHAPTER 27 IN WHICH PASSEPARTOUT UNDERGOES, AT A SPEED OF TWENTY MILES AN HOUR, A COURSE OF MORMON HISTORY. 第二十七章　路路通，以每小时20英里的速度，上了堂摩门教的历史课

During the night of the 5th of December, the train ran south-easterly for about fifty miles; then rose an equal distance in a north-easterly direction, towards the Great Salt Lake.

12月5号夜间，火车向东南方向行驶了约50英里后，又向东北，盐湖城的方向驶出了那么远的距离。

Passepartout, about nine o'clock, went out upon the platform to take the air. The weather was cold, the heavens gray, but it was not snowing. The sun's disc, enlarged by the mist, seemed an enormous ring of gold, and Passepartout was amusing himself by calculating its value in pounds sterling, when he was diverted from this interesting study by a strange-looking personage who made his appearance on the platform.

大约9点时，路路通走上平台去透气。天气很冷，天空是灰色的，但不会下雪。太阳的光盘在迷雾中显得特别大，就像一个巨大的金环。路路通正自娱自乐地算着这个金环能折合成多少英镑。就在这时，一个人出现在平台上，此人相貌奇特，让正在做这项有趣研究的路路通分散了注意力。

This personage, who had taken the train at Elko, was tall and dark, with black moustaches, black stockings, a black silk hat, a black waistcoat, black trousers, a white cravat, and dogskin gloves. He might have been taken for a clergyman. He went from one end of the train to the other, and affixed to the door of each car a notice written in manuscript.

这个人是在埃尔科上的车，又黑又高，长着黑胡子，穿着黑袜子，戴着黑丝帽，穿着黑上衣、黑裤子，打着白领带，戴着一副狗皮手套。他也许会被当作一名神职人员。他从火车的一端走到另一端，在每节车厢的门上都张贴了一张手写的告示。

Passepartout approached and read one of these notices, which stated that Elder William Hitch, Mormon missionary, taking advantage of his presence on train No. 48, would deliver a lecture on Mormonism in car No. 117, from eleven to twelve o'clock; and that he invited all who were desirous of being instructed concerning the mysteries of the religion of the 'Latter Day Saints' to attend.

路路通走上前看其中一张告示，上面写着摩门教传教士埃尔德·威廉·希契将利用他第48次乘坐火车的机会，在第117号车厢作摩门教义的演讲，时间为11点到12点；他邀请所有愿意受该教“当今圣徒”秘笈所启迪的人士参加。

'I'll go,' said Passepartout to himself. He knew nothing of Mormonism except the custom of polygamy, which is its foundation.

“我会去的。”路路通自言自语道。除了摩门教一夫多妻的基本习俗外，路路通对摩门教一无所知。

The news quickly spread through the train, which contained about one hundred passengers, thirty of whom, at most, attracted by the notice, ensconced themselves in car No. 117. Passepartout took one of the front seats. Neither Mr Fogg nor Fix cared to attend.

消息很快传遍了火车。火车上大约有一百位乘客，其中顶多有三十个是为告示所吸引，坐到了117号车厢。路路通坐在了前排的一个位子上。福格先生和菲克斯都不想去。

At the appointed hour Elder William Hitch rose, and, in an irritated voice, as if he had already been contradicted, said, 'I tell you that Joe Smith is a martyr, that his brother Hiram is a martyr, and that the persecutions of the United States Government against the prophets will also make a martyr of Brigham Young. Who dares to say the contrary?'

在指定时间，埃尔德·威廉·希契站起来，以非常激动的声音（好像他被驳斥了一样）说：“我告诉你们，乔·史密斯是一个殉道者，他的兄弟海勒姆也是一个殉道者，美国政府对这些先知者们进行迫害，现在又要迫害布里格姆·扬，让他也成为一个殉道者。谁敢说反对吗？”

No one ventured to gainsay the missionary, whose excited tone contrasted curiously with his naturally calm visage. No doubt his anger rose from the hardships to which the Mormons were actually subjected. The government had just succeeded, with some difficulty, in reducing these independent fanatics to its rule. It had made itself master of Utah, and subjected that territory to the laws of the Union, after imprisoning Brigham Young on a charge of rebellion and polygamy. The disciples of the prophet had since redoubled their efforts, and resisted, by words at least, the authority of Congress. Elder Hitch, as is seen, was trying to make proselytes on the very railway trains.

没有人敢反驳这位传教士，他激动的声音和他天生平静的外表形成鲜明的对比。毫无疑问，他的愤怒源自摩门教徒所实际遭受的困苦。实际上，政府虽然成功地迫使这些独立的狂热者们服从统治，但颇费力气。将布里格姆·扬以叛乱罪和一夫多妻罪囚禁之后，政府便成为犹他州的主人，让该州服从于合众国的法律。先知者的门徒从那时起就加倍努力，至少是通过言语来抵抗国会的统治。正如大家看到的，埃尔德·希契正设法在火车上做宣传，改变人们的思想。

Then, emphasizing his words with his loud voice and frequent gestures, he related the history of the Mormons from Biblical times: how that, in Israel, a Mormon prophet of the tribe of Joseph published the annals of the new religion, and bequeathed them to his son Mormon; how, many centuries later, a translation of this precious book, which was written in Egyptian, as made by Joseph Smith, Junior, a Vermont farmer, who revealed himself as a mystical prophet in 1825; and how, in short, the celestial messenger appeared to him in an illuminated forest, and gave him the annals of the Lord.

随后，他陈述了摩门教自从圣经时代以来的历史，并用洪亮的声音和频繁的手势造势。他说：约瑟夫部落的一位摩门教先知是如何在以色列出版了新宗教的年刊，并传给他的儿子摩门；许多个世纪之后，这本珍贵书籍又如何被小约瑟夫·史密斯用埃及文翻译出来；小约瑟夫·史密斯是佛蒙特州的一位农场主，1825年人们才知道他是一名神奇的先知；还有他怎样，简言之，在光明的森林里遇到一位天庭的信使，信使将上帝的年刊交给他。

Several of the audience, not being much interested in the missionary's narrative, here left the car; but Elder Hitch, continuing his lecture, related how Smith, Junior, with his father, two brothers, and a few disciples, founded the church of the 'Latter Day Saints', which, adopted not only in America, but in England, Norway and Sweden, and Germany, counts many artisans, as well as men engaged in the liberal professions, among its members; how a colony was established in Ohio, a temple erected there at a cost of two hundred thousand dollars, and a town built at Kirkland; how Smith became an enterprising banker, and received from a simple mummy showman a papyrus scroll written by Abraham and several famous Egyptians.

有几位观众对这位传教士的讲述并不十分感兴趣，离开了那节车厢。但埃尔德·希契继续着他的演讲，说小史密斯如何和他的父亲、两个兄弟，以及一些门徒创立了“当今圣徒”的教堂，该教堂不仅在美国收门徒，还在英国、挪威、瑞典以及德国收门徒，它的成员有许多手工业者，和许多从事自由职业的人；他说如何在俄亥俄州建立殖民地，如何花200,000美元建立了一座庙宇，如何在柯克兰建立起一座城市；史密斯如何成为一个杰出的银行家，如何从一个朴实的木乃伊看守人那里得到了亚伯拉罕和几位埃及名人写的纸莎草卷轴。

The Elder's story became somewhat wearisome, and his audience grew gradually less, until it was reduced to twenty passengers. But this did not disconcert the enthusiast, who proceeded with the story of Joseph Smith's bankruptcy in 1837, and how his ruined creditors gave him a coat of tar and feathers; his reappearance some years afterwards, more honourable and honoured than ever, at Independence, Missouri, the chief of a flourishing colony of three thousand disciples, and his pursuit thence by outraged Gentiles, and retirement into the Far West.

他的故事变得有点乏味了，他的听众也变得越来越少，现在只剩下二十个乘客了。但这并没有使这位狂热者感到难堪。他继续讲约瑟夫·史密斯在1837年破产的事情，因为他而破产的债主们如何给他涂了一层沥青和羽毛；他几年后又如何复出，比以往更体面、更受尊敬。他是密苏里独立团一个很繁荣的殖民地的领导，统率3,000门徒。但他遭到愤怒的异教徒的追击，退回到了中西部。

Ten hearers only were now left, among them honest Passepartout, who was listening with all his ears. Thus he learned that, after long persecutions, Smith reappeared in Illinois, and in 1839 founded a community at Nauvoo, on the Mississippi, numbering twenty-five thousand souls, of which he became mayor, chief justice, and general-in-chief; that he announced himself, in 1843, as a candidate for the Presidency of the United States; and that finally, being drawn into ambuscade at Carthage, he was thrown into prison, and assassinated by a band of men disguised in masks.

只剩下十个听众了，其中有老实的路路通，他正全神贯注地听着。就这样，路路通得知，史密斯在遭受长期迫害后，如何重新出现在了伊利诺斯州，并于1839年在密西西比河畔的诺伍建立了一个社区，人数达25,000人，以及他如何成了那里的市长、高级法官，和最高统帅；1843年，他是如何宣布要参加美国总统竞选的；最后，他又如何在迦太基陷入伏击，被关进监狱，被一群蒙面人的暗杀。

Passepartout was now the only person left in the car, and the Elder, looking him full in the face, reminded him that, two years after the assassination of Joseph Smith, the inspired prophet, Brigham Young, his successor, left Nauvoo for the banks of the Great Salt Lake, where, in the midst of that fertile region, directly on the route of the emigrants who crossed Utah on their way to California, the new colony, thanks to the polygamy practised by the Mormons, had flourished beyond expectation.

路路通现在是那节车厢里剩下的唯一一个人了，埃尔德紧紧盯着他，提醒他说，约瑟夫·史密斯被暗杀两年后，他的继承人布里格姆·扬受真主感召，离开诺伍去了盐湖城沿岸。那是一片肥沃的土地，很多移民从这里直接穿过犹他州去加利福尼亚。布里格姆·扬在这里建立了新的殖民区；多亏摩门教贯彻一夫多妻制，这个新殖民区意外地繁荣起来。

'And this,' added Elder William Hitch, 'this is why the jealousy of Congress has been aroused against us! Why have the soldiers of the Union invaded the soil of Utah? Why has Brigham Young, our chief, been imprisoned, in contempt of all justice? Shall we yield to force? Never! Driven from Vermont, driven from Illinois, driven from Ohio, driven from Missouri, driven from Utah, we shall yet find some independent territory on which to plant our tents. And you, my brother,' continued the Elder, fixing his angry eye upon his single auditor, 'will you not plant yours there, too, under the shadow of our flag?'

“而且这，”埃尔德·威廉·希契补充道，“这就是为什么国会嫉妒我们!合众国的士兵为什么会入侵犹他州的土地？我们的领袖，布里格姆·扬为什么会被囚禁起来？这是对公平的漠视。我们会屈服于武力吗？永远不会！他们把我们从佛蒙特州赶出来，从伊利诺斯州赶出来，从俄亥俄州赶出来，从密苏里州赶出来，从犹他州赶出来，我们仍然可以找到独立的地区来搭建我们的帐篷。而你，我的兄弟，”愤怒地盯着他唯一的听众，继续说，“你难道不愿意把你的帐篷也安置在我们旗帜之下？”

'No!' replied Passepartout courageously, in his turn retiring from the car, and leaving the Elder to preach to vacancy.

“不愿意！”路路通勇敢地回答道。他离开车厢，留下埃尔德对着空空的车厢布道了。

During the lecture the train had been making good progress, and towards half-past twelve it reached the north-west border of the Great Salt Lake. Thence passengers could observe the vast extent of this interior sea, which is also called the Dead Sea, and into which flows an American Jordan. It is a picturesque expanse, framed in lofty crags in large strata, encrusted with white salt,—a superb sheet of water, which was formerly of larger extent than now, its shores having encroached with the lapse of time, and thus at once reduced its breadth and increased its depth.

演说期间，火车一直顺利前进。邻近12点30分时，火车到达了盐湖城的西北边。乘客们可以从那里看到这片内陆海广阔的海域。这片内陆海也被称为死海，美洲的约旦河流入其中。这是一片美丽的风景，镶嵌在有巨大底盘的高高的峭壁中，覆盖着一层雪白的盐——非常宏伟的一汪水，它以前比现在还要宽广，随着时间的流逝，它的海岸已经被侵占了。因此，湖面很快缩小了，而湖水却越来越深。

The Salt Lake, seventy miles long and thirty-five wide, is situated three miles eight hundred feet above the sea. Quite different from Lake Asphaltite, whose depression is twelve hundred feet below the sea, it contains considerable salt, and one quarter of the weight of its water is solid matter, its specific weight being 1170, and, after being distilled, 1000. Fishes are of course unable to live in it, and those which descend through the Jordan, the Weber, and other streams, soon perish.

盐湖有70英里长，35英里宽，比海平面高出3英里800英尺。盐湖与阿斯法尔提特湖完全不同。阿斯法尔提特湖低于海平面1,200英尺。盐湖含有很多的盐，水的总重量中有四分之一是固体物质，水和盐的重量是1,170，蒸馏之后的水的重量是1,000。鱼当然不能在其中生存。即使从约旦河、韦伯河以及别的河流流入的鱼也会很快死去。

The country around the lake was well cultivated, for the Mormons are mostly farmers; while ranches and pens for domesticated animals, fields of wheat, corn, and other cereals, luxuriant prairies, hedges of wild rose, clumps of acacias and milk-wort, would have been seen six months later. Now the ground was covered with a thin powdering of snow.

湖周围的地区都是精耕细作的土地，因为摩门教徒大多数是农民。6个月后，你能看到饲养家畜的牧场和圈栏、麦田、玉米地以及其他谷类作物的田野，还有繁茂的大草原、野生玫瑰形成的篱笆及成簇的金合欢和远志。现在地面正覆盖一层着薄薄的白雪。

The train reached Ogden at two o'clock, where it rested for six hours. Mr Fogg and his party had time to pay a visit to Salt Lake City, connected with Ogden by a branch road; and they spent two hours in this strikingly American town, built on the pattern of other cities of the Union, like a checker-board, 'with the sombre sadness of right angles' as Victor Hugo expresses it. The founder of the City of the Saints could not escape from the taste for symmetry which distinguishes the Anglo-Saxons. In this strange country, where the people are certainly not up to the level of their institutions, everything is done 'squarely',—cities, houses, and follies.

2点钟的时候，火车到达奥格登，它将在这里停留6个小时。福格先生和他的同伴们有时间通过连接奥格登的一条支线去参观盐湖城。他们用两个小时游览了这个引人入胜的美国城市。该城市与合众国其他城市的建设模式一样，像一个棋盘，街道的拐角正如维克多·雨果所描述的那样，是“苍凉抑郁的直角”。这个圣徒之城的建造者无法摆脱盎格鲁—撒克逊人独特的建筑品味，那就是讲究对称。在这个陌生的国家，人们的文化程度还没有达到英国人的水平。所有东西都建造成了“方形”——城市、房屋以及那些造价高却无用的建筑物。

The travellers, then, were promenading, at three o'clock, about the streets of the town built between the banks of the Jordan and the spurs of the Wahsatch Range. They saw few or no churches, but the prophet's mansion, the court-house, and the arsenal, blue-brick houses with verandas and porches, surrounded by gardens bordered with acacias, palms, and locusts. A clay and pebble wall, built in 1853, surrounded the town; and in the principal street were the market and several hotels adorned with pavilions. The place did not seem thickly populated. The streets were almost deserted, except in the vicinity of the Temple, which they only reached after having traversed several quarters surrounded by palisades. There were many women, which was easily accounted for by the 'peculiar institution' of the Mormons; but it must not be supposed that all the Mormons are polygamists. They are free to marry or not, as they please; but it is worth noting that it is mainly the female citizens of Utah who are anxious to marry, as, according to the Mormon religion, maiden ladies are not admitted to the possession of its highest joys. These poor creatures seemed to be neither well off nor happy. Some—the more well-to-do, no doubt—wore short, open black silk dresses, under a hood or modest shawl; others were habited in Indian fashion.

随后，3点钟时，这些游客正在城市街头漫步。该城市建在了约旦河河岸与瓦萨琪山脉的山峦之间。他们几乎没有看到教堂，可以说是根本没有看到。只看到了先知大厦、法庭、兵工厂，和有阳台和长廊的青砖房屋。房屋四周是花园，里面长满了金合欢、棕榈树和洋槐。城市周围是1853年用粘土和卵石建造的城墙。市场，还有几家配有亭台的酒店占据了城市的主要街道。这个地方看上去人口并不稠密。除了寺庙附近，街上几乎没有人。福格先生等人只有绕过几个栅栏围圈的地区之后，才能到达寺庙。寺庙那里有很多女士，这很容易用摩门教“特殊的制度”来解释。但不一定所有的摩门教徒都是一夫多妻。摩门教徒可以按照自己的意愿决定娶或不娶。但值得注意的是，犹他州的女性公民急于嫁人，因为根据摩门教教规，摩门教神是绝不赐福于未婚女士的。这些可怜的人们看上去既不舒服也不快乐。一些富有的女士穿着敞开的黑色丝质短袖，戴着头巾或普通的围巾；其他人则都是印第安风格。

Passepartout could not behold without a certain fright these women, charged, in groups, with conferring happiness on a single Mormon. His common sense pitied, above all, the husband. It seemed to him a terrible thing to have to guide so many wives at once across the vicissitudes of life, and to conduct them, as it were, in a body to the Mormon paradise, with the prospect of seeing them in the company of the glorious Smith, who doubtless was the chief ornament of that delightful place, to all eternity. He felt decidedly repelled from such a vocation, and he imagined—perhaps he was mistaken—that the fair ones of Salt Lake City cast rather alarming glances at his person. Happily, his stay there was but brief. At four the party found themselves again at the station, took their places in the train, and the whistle sounded for starting. Just at the moment, however, that the locomotive wheels began to move, cries of 'Stop! Stop!' were heard.

看到这些女士共同使一个摩门教男士幸福，路路通感到惊恐。按照他的常识，他首先同情那个丈夫。在他看来，同时带着这么多妻子去经历世事变迁真是件痛苦的事情，将来还得带着她们一起步入摩门教的天堂，与光荣的史密斯为伴，永远生活下去。史密斯无疑是那个极乐世界的领袖。显然，他下定决心要摆脱这样一种感召，而且他猜测——他也有可能误会了——盐湖城的那些美人们对他的目光相当惊恐。幸运的是，他在那里呆的时间很短。4点钟的时候，这群人又回到车站，在火车上找到自己的位子。随后出发的汽笛就拉响了。然而，就在火车轮启动时：“停一下！停一下！”的喊声传了过来。

Trains, like time and tide, stop for no one. The gentleman who uttered the cries was evidently a belated Mormon. He was breathless with running. Happily for him, the station had neither gates nor barriers. He rushed along the track, jumped on the rear platform of the train, and fell exhausted into one of the seats.

但火车就像时间和潮水一样，不会为任何人停留。那位喊叫的绅士显然是一个迟到的摩门教徒。他上气不接下气地跑着。对他来说，幸运的是，车站既没有大门也没有围栏。他沿着轨道冲过来，跳上火车后面的平台，疲惫地倒在了一个座位上。

Passepartout, who had been anxiously watching this amateur gymnast, approached him with lively interest, and learned that he had taken flight after an unpleasant domestic scene.

路路通一直专注地看着这位业余的体操运动员，饶有兴趣地走到他跟前，得知他刚刚从一场不愉快的家庭闹剧中逃出来。

When the Mormon had recovered his breath, Passepartout ventured to ask him politely how many wives he had; for, from the manner in which he had decamped, it might be thought that he had twenty at least.

当这个摩门教徒恢复呼吸后，路路通以非常礼貌的姿态冒险问他有几个妻子。因为从他逃跑的状态来看，人们可能会认为他至少有二十个妻子。

'One, sir,' replied the Mormon, raising his arms heavenward,—'one, and that was enough!'

“一个，先生。”摩门教徒举着胳膊回答道，“一个就已经够受了！”

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